Criminal Justice Career Opion: Probation and Parole Officer
Often the job of probation and parole officer is combined in small communities. Probation and parole officers supervise offenders on probation or parole through personal contact with the offender and his or her family. Some offenders are required to wear an electronic device so that probation officers can monitor their activities. Officers may arrange for offenders to get substance abuse rehabilitation or job training. They also attend court hearings to update the court on the offender's compliance with the terms of his or her sentence and on the offender's efforts at rehabilitation.
Duties: Probation and parole officers may perform some or all of the following:
Review and evaluate legal and social history of offender or inmate
Determine nature and extent of inmate's or offender's criminal record
Determine current social problems
Inform offender or inmate of requirements of conditional release such as office visits, restitution payments, or educational and employment stipulations
Counsel and refer offenders to social resources in the community for assistance
Assist in development of vocational and educational plans
Formulate rehabilitation plans for each assigned offender or inmate
Interview offenders or inmates to determine social progress, individual problems, needs, interests, and attitude
Consult with attorneys, judges, and institution personnel to evaluate inmate's progress
Conduct follow-up interviews with offenders or inmates until release
Monitor compliance with terms of probation
Confer with inmate's or offender's family to identify needs and problems
Make recommendations to court regarding current situation of offender
Working Conditions: Although some probation and parole officers work a standard 40-hour week, many work long, irregular hours, in the evening and on weekends to meet with clients. Some travel is required within the local area to accommodate clients. The work may be stressful and emotionally draining. Understaffing and large caseloads may add to the pressure.
Educational Requirements: A bachelor's degree is the minimum requirement for an entry-level position in this occupation. A degree may be in the field of psychology, sociology, education, social services, or criminology. High school students will find courses in social science, English, communications, and computer applications useful. Volunteer experience in a community service program is looked upon favorably by employers.
Outlook: It is projected there will be a growth rate of 17 percent in this occupation through the year 2010 with job openings annually.